The museum illustrates, through the archaeological documentation, the forms of population and the history of the Roman city of Grumentum and of the entire area of the upper Agri valley. A first section, dedicated to prehistory, presents the remains of elephas antiquus and equidae , attested about 120,000 years ago in the territory of Grumento, then characterized by a large lake basin. found in the countryside of Montemurro pertinent to the period of the Lucanian occupation of the territory (4th century BC), which have returned red - figure ceramics , weapons and elements of armor, banquet furnishings , cosmetic vases and ornaments that attest the presence of an aristocratic elite. The votive offerings (mainly terracotta statuettes) found in a 3rd century BC rural sanctuary located on the edge of the city and dedicated to a female divinity refer to the sphere of the sacred. The museum itinerary ends with the presentation of the significant materials found in the Roman city of Grumentum, founded in the third century BC following the Roman conquest of the territory.