The Jewish Museum of Rome is part of the monumental complex of the Synagogue, the Tempio Maggiore, in the area of what was once the Jewish ghetto of Rome. The museum itinerary allows, by visiting the various rooms, the reconstruction of Jewish life in Rome. since the first settlements of the second century. In 1870, with the breach of Porta Pia, the temporal power of the popes ended and Rome was declared the capital of the Kingdom of Italy. From this moment on, the Jewish communities can erect monumental synagogues after centuries of limitations. It was therefore decided to erect the most impressive synagogue in the city, the Tempio Maggiore, in the same neighborhood in which Jews had been imprisoned for centuries, in the area of the former ghetto of the city. The Jewish Community has lived in Rome for 2200 years without interruption: this characteristic makes it one of the oldest communities present outside the Land of Israel. The works exhibited in the Museum date back mainly to the Ghetto period (1555-1870) and come entirely from the Palazzo delle Cinque Scole or Synagogues. It offers the reconstruction of the life of the Jewish population in Rome and shows us how it has managed to integrate into the socio-economic structure of the city, while maintaining its own identity. The very rich collection includes liturgical furnishings, manuscripts, incunabula, historical documents, registers and marble works. Since 1960 the Museum has exhibited its treasures in a single room, but the study and cataloging of all the works required a larger exhibition area and a new layout, inaugurated in 2005.