Mentioned by Girolamo Baruffaldi among Lana's works in the Ducal Palace of Sassuolo, it is one of the highest achievements of the Ferrara painter who had long been involved in the Este court. An engraving by Lana himself taken from the painting (1643) is dedicated to Obizzo d’Este, brother of Francesco I and bishop of Modena. It is probable that Lana also made the San Sebastian for her patron, a theme particularly linked to the court, and that on the death of Obizzo the canvas was brought to Sassuolo. Lana is the protagonist of the Este artistic panorama of the first half of the century. Moving from a Ferrara formation (Scarsellino and Guercino), he gradually approaches the classicism of Guido Reni, to reach results of courtly elegance, as in this beautiful canvas where the sacred theme is played with a profane accent, in a very calibrated balance between alongside naturalism and cultured classical rhetoric.