With the introduction of the lustre technique in the second half of the 15th century, the ceramics from Gubbio qualitatively improved and gained international relevance. The undisputed protagonist of this important artistic historical moment is Master Giorgio Andreoli, whose workshop, active since the 1480s, dominated the production of Gubbio and the Duchy of Urbino for over half a century. His production is particularly characterized by the painted maiolica, typical of forms such as cutting boards, small round plates, basins, and cups on which scenes of a mythological, religious, allegorical, and historical nature are painted. The lustered maiolica by Master Giorgio undoubtedly represents the defining element of the Museum's collection. Among the historical specimens are the small round plate depicting The Fall of Phaeton and the cutting board with Pico, Circe, and Canente. Another type proposed in the exhibition is the cup on a low foot with relief decorations known as twisted cup, a production in which the workshop specialized starting from 1530.
The lustre technique was introduced in the decoration of ceramics to give the pottery a precious metal appearance and has been used since the 8th century AD among the populations of the Eastern Mediterranean and Mesopotamia. In Italy, the presence of lustered ceramics is documented from the last decades of the 15th century when Hispano-Moresque productions spread. In Umbria, the only place where the technique flourished, the two production centers were Deruta and Gubbio; in the latter center, the production is characterized by the presence of ruby-red lustre, distinguishing it from Deruta which prefers yellow. The changing effect of lustre is achieved by applying a mixture of silver or copper salts mixed with ochre and diluted in vinegar on the already fired glaze. This is followed by a further firing in a reduced oxygen atmosphere and at a low enough temperature to soften the underlying glaze and allow the lustre to fix. The final phase consists of cleaning and polishing the objects.