Currently the museum, managed by the Army, is located in a main headquarters at the Mastio della Cittadella, which houses not only the museum management, temporary exhibitions, and conferences, but also a secondary location that houses the visitable museum storage at the Caserma Amione.

The Museo Storico Nazionale dell’Artiglieria is the first European institution of its kind and the oldest museum in Turin, founded at the Regio Arsenale by Carlo Emanuele III in 1731. In 1893, the museum was transferred to the Mastio della Cittadella and in 1961, on the occasion of the centenary of the Unification of Italy, it was further enlarged. The importance of the collections, about 12,000 artifacts, which include many specimens from around the world, some unique and of great value, give the museum a prominent place. The artifacts offer a comprehensive overview of the history of weapons from the Neolithic period to the 20th century.