The Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rennes (Museum of Fine Arts) is one of the main museums in Rennes. It preserves a vast artistic and archaeological collection, the nucleus of which is due to the Cabinet de Curiosité (also known as Wunderkammer) of the Marquis of Robien, President of the Parliament of Brittany who lived in the 18th century. The Wunderkammer kept an important collection of works and objects from all eras, also constituting one of the rare provincial collections of ancient painting.

The Museum of Fine Arts of Rennes has an encyclopedic vocation, since its collections also cover European paintings and sculptures from the fourteenth to the twentieth century, art objects from Europe, but also from Africa and America, antiquity regional, Roman, Etruscan, Greek and Egyptian. The archaeological collection contains in particular Egyptian, Greek and Roman finds. A large space is dedicated to the Cabinet of Drawings and Prints, with over a thousand prestigious autographed drawings by artists of the Italian Renaissance, such as Filippo Lippi, Leonardo da Vinci, Botticelli, Donatello, Ghirlandaio, Giovanni Bellini, Michelangelo, Sodoma, Correggio, Pontormo, Giulio Romano, Parmigianino, Federico Barocci, Pietro da Cortona, but also Albrecht Duerer, Rembrandt, Rubens, Antoine Watteau and several others. As for objects of applied art, the collection is very varied, with pieces coming from French-speaking Africa starting from the 18th century, from Asia Minor or the Far East, but also from America, from the polar circle to the southern tropics such as from Oceania. The museum's extra-European collections are more than 3,700 objects, including Japanese prints. Finally, the paintings in the museum cover a period of time ranging from the 15th to the 20th century and also in this case the museum preserves important works by Renaissance and 17th century artists, such as Veronese, Gerrit Van Honthorst, Georges de la Tour, Guercino, as well as more recent works, with names such as Gauguin or Bpudin, and contemporary artists, such as Sam Francis, Nicolas de Stael, Joean mItchell, Marcelle Cahn, Francis Pellerin and several others.