The Cenacolo di Sant'Apollonia is located in the historic center of Florence and is considered a treasure trove of fourteenth-century Florentine medieval art.

The museum occupies a part of the ancient Benedictine monastery of Sant'Apollonia, founded in 1339 and enlarged in the fifteenth century.

Around 1447, Andrea del Castagno frescoed the back wall of the refectory with the Last Supper, the Crucifixion, the Deposition and the Resurrection. The museum also exhibits other detached frescoes by Andrea del Castagno with the related synopies and paintings by Paolo Schiavo and Neri di Bicci, coming from the monastery.

On the south wall of the room there is a Crucifix attributed to Baccio da Montelupo and together with other fifteenth-century works from the former monastery. In 1953 the detachment of the upper part of the frescoes made possible the vision of the sinopia, or the preparatory drawings, which today can be admired on the opposite side of the room.