The Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon is a Dresden museum dedicated to the tools of mathematics and physics. It is located in the Zwinger palace, a baroque palace by the architect Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann built between 1709-1710 and 1732-1733, where there are also two other museums (the Pinacoteca dei ancient masters and the collection of sculptures up to 1800 and the Porcelain Museum). The museum is part of the Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, the state collection of the Land of Saxony.

The collection of the Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon is divided into four major sectors: "The cosmos of the Prince", with mechanical wonders and mathematical instruments from around 1600; "The universe of globes", with terrestrial and celestial globes of seven centuries; "Instruments of the Enlightenment, a collection of large telescopes of the eighteenth century, and finally" The course of time ", a collection of watches from the Renaissance to the present day (one of the largest in the world, with about 3000 specimens).

The collection includes ancient instruments such as terrestrial and celestial globes, astronomical, optical and geodetic devices dating back to the 16th century, as well as historical instruments for calculating and drawing length, mass, temperature and air pressure. Some of the highlights of the collection are an Arab celestial globe from 1279, a calculating machine from 1650, once belonging to Blaise Pascal, and the orbit clock produced in the 1560s by order of the Dresden court.