The portrait was made on the occasion of the signing of an important diplomatic agreement between the Kingdom of Naples and the Sublime Porta, the ancient Ottoman Empire: the "Treaty of peace, navigation and commerce", signed on 7 April 1740, with which the king of Naples laid the foundations for a resumption of trade in the Mediterranean, stemming the phenomenon of piracy. By virtue of this agreement, Sultan Mahmud I sent Ambassador Haji HusseinEffendi to Naples, who arrived on 30 August 1741, was received at court on 18 September and stayed in the city for a month, with a very rich and colorful following.

In memory of the event, King Charles commissioned the painting to Giuseppe Bonito, official court painter. Bonito placed the figure of the ambassador at the center of the scene with the exponents of the main ranks of the embassy around him. The Effendi wears a velvet dolimàno with silk brocades worked with flowers, under the feràce, a long cloak; the peich, or staffieri, wear satin or damask dresses with light shapes and different colors, wrapped in a silk belt. On the head of the characters is the typical turban, wrapped around a red cap, which was called a horn. At the Prado Museum in Madrid there is an autograph replica of the painting, sent to the Queen of Spain Elisabetta Farnese, mother of Charles of Bourbon.