Description
It is the Romans at the time of cleaning used cotton towels and marine sponges that they brought with them to the baths, the sponges used to be used especially by people who had sensitive skin and the strigilus caused irritation.
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On show in the exhibition
Reproduction of earrings, the upper part is drop-shaped and the lower part has circular shapes that hang as if it were a bunch of grapes, these earrings are embossed on the front and flat on the back.
Jewelry in the Roman world is of great importance since it was a symbol of social status and was a means of embellishment. Both men and women wore jewelry, although the majority were women. Depending on the purchasing power, the jewels were made of noble metals and precious stones or of rude and cheap materials. They used metals such as silver, gold, bronze and gems such as pearls, garnets, jet, chalcedony, amethysts, variscites, emeralds and sometimes also vitreous pastes.
The Plinth is a parallelepiped-shaped element that is under the base of the column to serve as a foundation, generally it is attached to the column itself, forming a unicum. On the base, there is a fragment of the shaft decorated with grooves with rounded angles.
It was very typical for some Roman constructions, in this case the natatio area of the baths, to be surrounded by a portico, thus allowing an opening in the central area over the pool. It is estimated that the height of this portico would be about 5 or 6 meters.
It is a part of the floor of a room, possibly a corridor, made of opus spicatum. This construction technique consists of placing edge bricks obliquely, fitting each other at a right angle and alternating their inclination to the right and left. In this case, not only the position of the bricks is combined, but also their color between red and yellowish. The work is placed on a mortar preparation. Under the pavement ran a sewer, which started in the latrine and reached the threshold of the entrance.
This type of pavement was used mainly when seeking to increase the isolation of humidity in certain areas, as would be the case, since a sewer ran underneath. This channel, like a sewer, collected the filth from the latrines, becoming one of the main drainage elements of the hot springs, which flowed into a larger drain.
The republican latrines were located in the southeast corner of the baths. Square in plan (234 x 221 cm) they are made up of toilets, drainage channel, clean water gutter, "opus spicatum" and entrance threshold. The set makes up a set that represents the prototype of a Roman latrine, in which a part of the elements that make it up are original and are preserved "in situ". The toilet itself consisted of a line of benches with perforated seats, under which ran a deep channel for dragging fecal water. Both elements have been reproduced since they disappeared in the excavation process. Right in front of the toilets, at their feet, there was a gutter for clean water. The quadrangular floor formed by the toilets lacked decoration or exempt elements. The entrance to the latrines was through a limestone threshold. This ashlar found in its original position is rectangular in shape.
Drainage channel made up of six pieces, four of which make up the channeling and two make up a flat roof. The final 18.3 m of this canalization are known, which reach perpendicularly to the other sewer preserved in the museum. His trajectory ran below the pool. Most of this sewer was built in "opus caementicium" except for the last section, the one on display in the museum, which was made with stone blocks cut down to form the channel.
Since the time of Augustus, almost all the newly erected Roman cities built their sewerage network, for the evacuation of wastewater. In Caesaraugusta we can see this great sewer in the Forum Museum, which finally ends in the Ebro, to the east of the Stone Bridge.
These remains of wall coverings are specifically part of the porticoed area of the natatio that was in the open air. It served to camouflage the structures with a noble or decorative material. In the Augustan period, the intense exploitation of marble allowed the cutting of thin and sawn plates, this made the most refined decorations more affordable.
Marble is a material that facilitates waterproofing, the hygiene of some areas and favors the feeling of warmth. The beauty of marble when polished makes it an especially advisable material for a space as particular as public bathrooms. In the Caesaraugusta baths, marble from the French Pyrenees is used, specifically from the Saint Béat quarry. This marble, once the baths were no longer used, was used for other buildings.
Reproduction of wooden clogs, for the baths, with wooden wedges and a leather strap on the upper part fastened with metal studs. These soccus or clogs were worn by both men and women, they served to protect the feet from the hot floor of the baths and prevent slipping on wet surfaces.
The clogs were not used exclusively in the baths, they were also worn by comedy actors, farmers and in the city they were worn when the pavement was wet or muddy. This type of shoe sometimes bore a stamp with the author's name.
Reproduction of an ivory essential. It has a tubular shape with circular decoration along its perimeter, it also has a lid, which has a protuberance at the top to be able to pick it up and open the container.
In Rome, in addition to the people, the rooms of the great palaces, the theaters, the clothes, the wine, the banners of the legions, were perfumed when they went to war or when they returned victorious from their conquests. Innumerable perfumes were also used in religious ceremonies as offerings to the gods, at burials, and at family parties, especially weddings. Essencieros had a lid to ensure that the smell of the perfume or essences it contained did not get lost.
Reproduction of a glass ointment or balsamary. It is a tubular container, with a rounded convex bottom and an elongated body that gradually tapers towards the mouth, to which it joins seamlessly, without a neck. The mouth is narrow, slightly bulging and with a rounded, horizontally flattened lip. It has a greenish hue.
Reproduction of two scrapers with a curved blade with a concave surface, ending in a rounded tip. The handles have a rectangular and flat surface, they also have an opening through which a ring has been passed.
The strigilus were used in the Roman world for personal hygiene, they scraped the skin that had previously been impregnated with oils to remove dust and dead cells. They had a hole in the upper part of the handle to pass a ring and thus be able to hang the utensil on another larger ring that was hung from some part of the body or clothing to more easily carry hygiene items. Oil was used because soap was not yet known in Roman times.
Reproduction of a bathroom kit, it is made up of a ring decorated with four duck heads, two on the closure and another two on the sides, from which hangs a strigil and a tubular-shaped vial with a lid whose handles are shaped like Dolphin. It was the typical bathroom kit, they carried an ampoule with oil to place it on the skin and later they passed the strigilum to remove it.
Reproduction of tweezers (vulsellae) are composed of a rod folded in half in what would constitute its flexor area. The finish of the upper area is rounded, like a ring. They were used to remove hair and as a surgical instrument, although the latter are larger.
The tweezers that were used in the baths were more linked to hair removal, facial hair was removed with them, as is also done now, and body hair, although they were also sometimes used to clean the ears, remove thorns and various external care. They were made of different metals although most are bronze. They could be decorated with incisions and reliefs.
It is the Romans at the time of cleaning used cotton towels and marine sponges that they brought with them to the baths, the sponges used to be used especially by people who had sensitive skin and the strigilus caused irritation.
Reproduction of two auriscalpias, it has a circular and flat head joined by a neck to the body of the object. They were used to clean earwax, they normally consist of a circular section stem at one end of which there is usually a pointed instrument or an olive-shaped dilation, some are a flat, circular spoon slightly advanced with respect to the handle shaft.
These utensils appear a lot in classical sources, although their majority use was for cleaning the ears, other uses are also known to treat pathologies in the urinary tract. The most used material was bone but ivory, bronze, silver or gold auriscalpias have also been found.
Reproduction of a hair needle (acus) has a head shaped like a hand, the neck has an annular shape and the head joins the body of the needle is coiled. In the Roman world they were used exclusively by women, although at first they were also used by men when it was still fashionable for them to wear long hair. The sizes and types of decoration depended on the tastes and purchasing power of each woman.
The headdress was a fundamental element of adornment for the Roman woman, sometimes they reached a large size and were authentic works of art, which is why it is believed that they had a slave dedicated to hair and makeup called ornatrix. Women always had to present themselves with their hair up, as loose hair was a disqualifying element and was considered a trait of abandonment and neglect.
Hair pins could be made with antler, bone or bronze, but there were also others made of more noble materials such as ivory, gold or silver. Dyes were sometimes used for bone acus, mostly red or green. In most cases these needles were used to collect hair, there are few cases in which they have been found related to other uses, but other utilities such as to hold clothes are being considered.
Reproduction of a comb shaped like an eardrum at the top and teeth at the bottom. In the tympanum-shaped area, it has a relief decoration made up of concentric circles that is repeated on the back of it. In Roman times the baths were like a beauty salon for women, they would bathe and apply various beauty treatments, among them, they would fix their hair.
Several models of combs are preserved, they do not present many differences with some combs that we can use today, in ancient times they were made of various materials, including boxwood, bone, ivory, copper, silver or gold among others.
Other works on display
It is the Romans at the time of cleaning used cotton towels and marine sponges that they brought with them to the baths, the sponges used to be used especially by people who had sensitive skin and the strigilus caused irritation.
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